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Banking law. --- Capital market. --- International finance. --- Securities. --- Capital market --- International finance --- Securities --- Banking law --- 332.042 --- Banks and banking --- Law, Banking --- Financial institutions --- Blue sky laws --- Capitalization (Finance) --- Investment securities --- Portfolio --- Scrip --- Securities law --- Underwriting --- Investments --- Investment banking --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Loans --- Money market --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Law and legislation

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In the late-nineteenth century, there was a popular and heated debate over what sort of financial system America should have. Behind the discussions over gold versus silver and state versus national banks was a broader dialogue about sectionalism, class relations, and the future course of the American economy and democracy. Professor Ritter contends that there was a distinctive and neglected political tradition in the United States - the antimonopoly tradition - which was championed by nearly every major agricultural and labor group during the period from the Civil War until 1900. The book explains why the antimonopolists (including the National Labor Union, the Greenbackers, the Knights of Labor, and the Populists) saw the financial system as the key to maintaining economic opportunity and democratic control for all classes and regions.

Greenbacks. --- Paper money --- Gold standard --- Currency question --- Populism --- Political science --- Fiat money --- Free coinage --- Monetary question --- Scrip --- Currency crises --- Finance --- Finance, Public --- Legal tender --- Money --- Exchange standard, Gold --- Gold exchange standard --- Standard, Gold --- Gold --- International liquidity --- Bimetallism --- Bills (Paper money) --- Paper currency --- Inflation (Finance) --- History --- United States --- Politics and government --- Antimonopolism --- Numismatics --- Arts and Humanities

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AA / International- internationaal --- 333.661 --- 333.631 --- 336.312.0 --- Government securities --- Securities --- 332.632 --- Blue sky laws --- Capitalization (Finance) --- Investment securities --- Portfolio --- Scrip --- Securities law --- Underwriting --- Investments --- Investment banking --- Government agency securities --- Government bonds --- Public securities --- Treasuries (Securities) --- Treasury bonds --- Bonds --- Debts, Public --- Nationale uitgiften van effecten --- Overheidsfondsen. Markt van de overheidsfondsen --- Uitgifte- en aflossingsvoorwaarden van leningen van de overheid: algemeenheden --- Law and legislation

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AA / International- internationaal --- 333.630 --- 333.632.0 --- 333.642 --- Fixed-income securities --- -Risk management --- Interest rates --- -Derivative securities --- Bonds --- Securities --- 332.632 --- Blue sky laws --- Capitalization (Finance) --- Investment securities --- Portfolio --- Scrip --- Securities law --- Underwriting --- Investments --- Investment banking --- Bond issues --- Debentures --- Negotiable instruments --- Debts, Public --- Stocks --- Derivative financial instruments --- Derivative financial products --- Derivative instruments --- Derivatives (Finance) --- Financial derivatives --- Structured notes (Securities) --- Money market rates --- Rate of interest --- Rates, Interest --- Interest --- Insurance --- Management --- Fixed-income investments --- Investments, Fixed-income --- Securities, Fixed-income --- Effecten: algemeenheden. --- Obligaties: algemeenheden. --- Termijn. Financial futures. --- Valuation --- -Mathematical models --- Mathematical models --- Law and legislation --- Effecten: algemeenheden --- Obligaties: algemeenheden --- Termijn. Financial futures --- Capital market. --- Pricing models --- Risk management

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ical) and to self-fulfilling currency crisis, respectively. Research stressing the former approach was pioneered by Krugman (1979) and Flood and Garber (1984). According to this line of research, the failure of governments to adopt domestic monetary and fiscal policies consistent with their stated exchange rate targets leads to a gradual diminution of reserves and eventually a stock adjustment that depletes reserves suddenly in one attack (Sachs, Tornell, and Velasco, 1996, page 47). The result is either a devaluation of the exchange rate or a switch to floating. Subsequent work of this genre has specified a number of other channels, in addition to that involving inconsistent and unsustainable monetary and fiscal policies, that can precipitate an attack: 1. Inconsistency between external and internal objectives. The stances of monetary and fiscal policies may be consistent with the authorities' exchange rate target, but domestic economic indicators (such as the unemployment rate) may be inconsistent with internal balance, resulting in pressures on the authorities to relax macroeconomic policies. Private agents, aware of this inconsistency, perceive an opportunity for profits from a currency devaluation and precipitate an attack. 2. Contagion effects. Prior to an attack on another currency (say that of country B), the market may view a country's (say, country A's) exchange rate as consistent with economic fundamentals and, thus, sustainable.

Foreign exchange. --- Foreign exchange rates. --- Money. --- Currency question. --- AA / International- internationaal --- 333.825 --- 333.450 --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies. --- Theorie van het deviezenverkeer. Theorie van de koopkrachtpariteit. --- Currency question --- Foreign exchange --- Foreign exchange rates --- Money --- Currency --- Monetary question --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- Exchange rates --- Fixed exchange rates --- Flexible exchange rates --- Floating exchange rates --- Fluctuating exchange rates --- Rates of exchange --- Cambistry --- Currency exchange --- Exchange, Foreign --- Foreign currency --- Foreign exchange problem --- Foreign money --- Forex --- FX (Finance) --- International exchange --- Fiat money --- Free coinage --- Scrip --- Theorie van het deviezenverkeer. Theorie van de koopkrachtpariteit --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies --- Rates --- Exchange --- Finance --- Value --- Banks and banking --- Coinage --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- International finance --- Currency crises --- Finance, Public --- Legal tender --- Macroeconomics. --- International economics. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- International Economics. --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Economics